Chronic rhinosinusitis: A review of its etiopathogenesis

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Andrés Alvo V.
Luis Barahona A.
Héctor Aranibar L.
Romina Gianini V.

Keywords

Sinusitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, allergy and immunology, etiology, pathophysiology

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is defined as a symptomatic inflammation of the nasal and paranasal cavities. It is a highly prevalent disease carrying a large associated eco- nomic burden, and its current medical treatment achieves symptomatic relief in approxi- mately 50% of patients. Traditionally, it has been classified according to the presence or absence of nasal polyps. However, the mechanisms that lead to the differentiation of both phenotypes are not fully understood. It has been estimated that there are both exogenous and endogenous factors involved that would configure a multifactorial origin of the disease. Given its impact and prevalence, CRS is currently a subject of inten­se scientific research, in order to accurately determine the targets for a more effective treatment. For this reason, we present an updated review in relation to the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in CRS.

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