Musical perception disorders
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Keywords
Music, amusia, musical hallucinations, pitch, melody, rhythm
Abstract
Music perception is an experience that involves cognitive and emotional sensations according to the cultural background of the subject. The musical processing begins at the periphery in the auditory system and then in the central level is divided in melodic and temporal processing including the musical repertory. An extensive cortical and subcortical neuronal network is needed for the creation of the musical experience including ascending and descending pathways, both cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum. Musical perception disorders can be classified in two main groups; amusia and musical hallucinations. Amusia corresponds to the inability to recognize musical tones that can be congenital or acquired. A growing group of acquired amusia patients is the majority of cochlear implant users. On the other hand musical hallucinations are the perception of music without an external stimulus, which can be produced by neurologic and psychiatric states, but also in persons with profound bilateral deafness. Nowadays the Montreal battery of evaluation of amusia is available to evaluate the perceptual skills and memory in adults and child; this test allows the detection of musical perception disorders that are seen as an emerging group of diseases with an important impact in life quality of our patients.
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