Induced laryngeal obstruction (ILO): an updated literature review

Main Article Content

Gabriela Calderara C.
Norma León M.
Carla Napolitano V.
Antonia Lagos V.

Keywords

Vocal cord dysfunction, laryngeal diseases, respiration disorders

Abstract

Induced laryngeal obstruction has been described as a respiratory disorder, usually presen- ting as an acute respiratory distress due to abnormal adduction of the vocal folds, typically during inspiration. It is more frequent in women and adults, than adolescents. It is diffi- cult to estimate its exact incidence given the heterogeneity of the diagnostic criteria and nomenclature, together with its common underdiagnosis. Hence, studies have reported its prevalence according to the subpopulations within this entity, with a prevalence of 2.8% in patients who consult in the emergency room for dyspnea. The diagnosis is based upon clini- cal presentation, confirmed by flexible laryngoscopy, and supported by respiratory function exams to rule out other pulmonary diseases with similar symptoms. Its treatment is simple and usually successful, in both acute and chronic situations. However, a delay in the diag­nosis has been frequently described, due to unawareness of this disorder.

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